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“Brexit”, sabe o que é? Nós explicamos-lhe o que está em jogo

PERSPECTIVAS - O sonho que se desvanece - HojeMacau - 05.07.2016
“Probably the most important element for the UK is the extent to which the UK state can establish favourable tax and regulation conditions for competition and entrepreneurship; because of this, in leaving the EU we avoid many damaging features of EU intervention and this will be beneficial, regardless of the structure of trade. The most desirable option is a new treaty with the EU that largely withdraws from EU joint arrangements but collaborates on particular issues of common interest, such as rights of migration, free capital movements, and possibly trade agreements on particular industries like cars where there is large-scale cross-investment. Of course political cooperation will continue in areas of mutual interest as with all our allies.”
Should Britain Leave the EU? An Economic Analysis of a Troubled Relationship
Patrick Minford
O possível fim do sonho europeu, fez que os cidadãos britânicos fossem votar a 23 de Junho de 2016 num referendo que decidiria se o Reino Unido continuaria “Bremain” ou não “Brexit”, como Estado membro da União Europeia (UE), decidindo desse modo, qual o futuro que desejavam para o seu país. O eventual “Brexit” seria o primeiro caso de saída de um país da UE. O “Brexit” venceu por 51,9 por cento contra o “Bremain” com 48, 1 %, e uma taxa de participação de 72,2 por cento. A chegada ao referendo tem por detrás uma história de desamor entre o Reino Unido e a Europa, que explicam os argumentos esgrimidos pelas duas partes, bem como as consequências para o país e além das suas fronteiras.
What are human rights? (Video)

Legitimate restrictions on freedom
The absolute rights discussed so far do not allow for limitations, exceptions, qualifications, or balancing against other rights. Genocide, crimes against humanity, slavery, and torture are simply international crimes, which are prohibited and can be individually punished by any state wherever the acts were committed. The rights we consider in this texts, by contrast, be limited through legal restrictions designed to protect a defined legitimate objective. So, for example, liberty can be restricted in the context of the detention of someone following a lawful conviction in a court of law. Freedom of speech is not absolute. As we all know, shouting 'fire' in a crowded theatre can be punished. Although we all should have freedom to receive and impart information, there are obviously legitimate restrictions on passing on commercial or military secrets. Photographs of celebrities maybe of interest to a wide readership but their publication may be restricted in order to protect an individual's privacy.
ISSN 1234-56790 (print)
ISSN 1234-5689 (online)
HARVARD
JOHN M. OLIN CENTER FOR LAW, ECONOMICS, AND BUSINESS
Global Environmental Governance
Jorge Rodrigues Simao
Discussion Paper No. 812
6/2016
Harvard Law School
Cambridge, MA 02138
The Global Environmental Governance
Jean Monnet Professor;
Harvard Law School;
Yale Law School
Jorge Rodrigues Simao
1. INTRODUCTION
@ 2016 Jorge Rodrigues Simao
On 21 September 2014, around 300,000 people in New York City participated in the largest climate change demonstration in history, calling for climate justice and action (Foderaro, 2014). This event reflects the increasing mobilisation of civil society and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in global environmental processes. It also raises questions about democratic decision-making and participation processes facing the deficit of governments’ action, especially in climate change international negotiations. This involvement suggests the following question: To what extent are civil society and NGOs drivers of change in global environmental governance?

PERSPECTIVAS - HOJEMACAU - O SONHO INDIANO - 24.06.2016
“Maintaining rapid yet environmentally sustainable growth remains an important and achievable goal for India. The country's main problems lie in the disregarding of the essential needs of the people. There have been major failures both to foster participatory growth and to make good use of the public resources generated by economic growth to enhance people's living conditions; social and physical services remain inadequate, from schooling and medical care to safe water, electricity, and sanitation.”
An Uncertain Glory: India and its Contradictions
Jean Drèze and Amartya Sen
A Índia não pensa no tão ansiado e cobiçado papel de ser uma superpotência económica, que parece ter ficado enterrado no passado e de que se recorda com receio. O aumento do preço do petróleo devido à guerra no Iraque, em 1991, deixou a Índia com apenas duas semanas de reservas em dólares para as importações de petróleo bruto. O Fundo Monetário Internacional concedeu empréstimos, tendo como contrapartida a liberalização da sua economia autárquica. O então ministro das finanças e depois primeiro-ministro, afirmou, parafraseando o escritor francês Victor Hugo, de que nenhuma força podia parar uma ideia quando o seu tempo tivesse chegado, mudando assim, o curso da história moderna do país asiático, com a abertura da economia, e nascia a “Índia brilhante”.